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发表于 2009-2-21 00:20
義大利的語言使用狀況[轉自維基討論]
讀來很有意思, 無想到他們也有普通話, 地方變體和''方言''的問題, 大都市的年輕人也愛放棄自己的母語, 更熱衷講變體普通話.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tal ... .22old.22_languages
The debate about "how many Piedmontese speakers" seems to be arising from the misconception that "modern regional varieties of Italian" and "languages spoken in Italy before the Unification" are the same thing.
Most Italian people actually deal with three languages: -Standard Italian: the official language, almost free of regional accents, as spoken by actors, news announcers, the equivalent of Received Pronunciation in England -regional Italian: that is, the dialect of Italian as currently spoken in his city/region/whatever -the "old" language (in this case, Piedmontese) spoken by the inhabitants of his city/region/whatever before television and internal immigration spread Italian (in his regional varieties).
Standard Italian and his dialects (modern, regional varieties) are very similar and mutually intelligible, the main difference being accent (although many words can be different or differently used). "Old" languages and Italian typically aren't mutually intelligible; neither are "old" languages and regional dialects (although the modern regional dialect may have borrowed accents and words from the "old" language).
A typical Italian from Piedmont will:
1) 99% of the times, speak regional Italian, that is, "the dialect of Italian as is currently spoken in Piedmont"
2) with some relatives and friends, he MAY speak Piedmontese, IF he knows it (most old people, especially in the countryside, do; many young people, especially in big cities, don't) /老年人慣常和朋友和親戚講''方言'', 年輕人則不會, 特別是大城市/
3) in formal, official speech, he will try to use an "as Standard as possible" Italian (many educated people can do so, although retaining the accent; only actors in movies and TV will actually use the "Received pronunciation")
The distinction between "dialects" and "old languages" may not be clear to she speaker; that is, a young Italian may speak "actual" Piedmontese only with his grand-grandfather, and simply "Italian with Piedmontese accent" with parents and friends. /年輕人對他的祖輩講''方言'', 對父母和朋友講變體普通話/
An Italian born in Turin, whose parents were not Piedmontese but, let's say, Sicilian, may speak with a "Piedmontese accent", but not "actual" Piedmontese (nor "actual" Sicilian unless he spends a lot of time with his grand-grandmother). His parents may or may not know "actual" Sicilian, but will probably speak with a Sicilian accent. /父母不是本地人, 如果他在本地長大, 就算不會講''方言'', 講的普通話也是本地腔/
It's worth noting that "old" languages are fading in ordinary usage, and they may one day become "extinct"; on the other hand, there will always be "regional dialects" in different parts of Italy (although they may be different from the ones we use today). |
最愛還是閩東語(Eastern Ming Language)..., 欲罷不能.
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