中國·福建·建甌【轉】

原網址：http://qing.blog.sina.com.cn/tj/835db1a833002cw6.html
（轉載到此版塊是因為看到英文版的地名採用的是閩北話的發音）



闽国古都、殷国故都、八闽首府—建瓯（建州）

Ancient Capital of the Min country、Old Capital of the Yin Country
First Prefecture-level City of Huguing — Guing'ei (Guing'jiu)


作者：福建·建瓯网友--芝城清心居士

Written: Internet user of Guing'ei City, Huguing —— Ji'xeing Qeingxein Hermit


    建州，同名地名；南北皆有一“建州”；北“建州”乃女真(满族)区域，南“建州”乃福建之建州。南“建州”乃是五代十国时期(公元943年)的殷国首都——建州(今建瓯)，当时位于南方蛮夷之地的殷国尚未并入中华版图，殷国属独立国家，并非诸侯国。

    Guing'jiu, with the same place name names; Northern China and Southern China all the "Guing'jiu"; Region of the Northern "Guing'jiu" is the Nv'jeing (Man Nation), "Guing'jiu"is Huguing to build the Guing'jiu. Southern "Guing'jiu" but the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (AD 943), the Capital of the Yin Country -- Guing'jiu (today Guing'ei), was located in the Southern barbarians to Yin Country has not been incorporated into Chinese territory, Yin Country is an independent country, not a vassal state.


    南方的建州是指福建的建州(即建宁府)。宋绍兴三十二年(公元1162年)改建州为建宁府，是福建历史上最早设置的府，故有“八闽首府”之称。其地域在今福建省(闽北)武夷山、建瓯、建阳、浦城、松溪、政和以及(闽东)寿宁、周宁等县市。辖区从整个福建渐渐缩减至今天建瓯市范围。首府建州原址即今天的建瓯市。建州历史文化丰富，名闻天下的建盏、建茶、建本、北苑御茶(皇帝专用)，均产于旧建州辖区。【关于“建瓯的茶文化”详情，请到此网站了解 http://www.jianoutea.com/ 】

   Southern Guing'jiu is to build the Guing'jiu of Huguing (Guing'naing Prefecture-level city).Song Dynasty Shaoxing 3 year (AD 1162) the alteration of the Guing'jiu for Guingnaing Prefecture-level city, originally set up in Huguing history of government, therefore, "Huguing's First City" said. Geographical in this (Northern Huguing) Wuyisuein, Huguing Province Guing'ei, Guingyong, Puyan, Juengkai, governance, and (Eastern Huguing) Xiu'naing,Jiu'naing and other counties. Region from the entire Huguing gradually be reduced to the the Guing'ei range today. The Capital of Guing'jiu in-situ today, Guing'ei. Guing'jiu is rich in history and culture, the world famous the Guing zhan, the Guing tea, the Guing bong, the Be'euan Imperial Tea (Emperor Only), are produced in the old Guing'jiu region.
【Details about " The Culture of the Guing'ei Tea", please reference to this Website http://www.jianoutea.com/】


    建瓯市简称“芝”，位于福建省北部，闽江上游，武夷山脉北端东南面，鹫峰山脉西北侧，闽北地区的地理、历史、文化中心。总面积4233.13平方公里，系福建省面积最大、闽北人口最多的县市，通行闽北语。建瓯市管辖14乡(镇):小桥、玉山、南雅、徐墩、川石、迪口、吉阳、小松、东峰、东游、顺阳、房道、水源、龙村,4个街道办事处：芝山、瓯宁、通济、建安；总人口53.19万人，其中农业人口41.5万人。境内峰峦起伏，森林密布，土地肥沃，资源丰富，年平均气温19.3℃，属亚热带海洋性季风气候；民族以汉族为主，还有畲、苗等10个少数民族。

    Guing'ei referred to as "Ji", located in Huguing Province, northern, upper reaches of Minjiang River, the Wuyi Mountains, the Northern end of the South-east, Jiufeng Mountains Northwest side and the Northern region of the geographic, history, culture center.The total area of 4233.13 square kilometers, Huguing Province, the largest, most populous county in Northern Huguing (city), prevailing in Minbe di. Guing'ei under the jurisdiction of the 14 townships (towns): Xio'gio, Ev'suein, Nan'a, Jv'dong, Chuein'jio, Di'kei, Gyi'yong, Xio'jueng, Dong'hong, Dong'you, Xenyong, Bongdao, Xv'be, Leung'con, 4 Sub-district Offices: Ji'suein, Ei'naing, Tongji, and Guing'wein; a total population of 53.19 million, of which the agricultural population of 41.5 million.Territory of undulating ridges and peaks, heavily forested, fertile land, abundant resources, the annual average temperature of 19.3 ° C, a subtropical marine monsoon climate; the Nation is mainly the Han Nation, She Nation, Miao Nation and other 10 ethnic minorities.


　　建瓯市政府驻地芝城，系福建省古城之一。历代为国、郡、州、都、府、专署、县、市治所。市区面积8.8平方公里，10万人口。处于群山环抱，“三江口”的地理位置，“天时、地利、人和”条件较好，规划四个开拓区：东从芝城中山路起点的城墙街始，延伸到白鹤山麓东安弓鱼村，十里长的东瓯街进行扩建，并与凤凰山接壤，发展农贸区；西从南武路中段汽车站和峰福铁路建瓯站，以及建溪上游的右侧，上至狮子山麓到环城大桥五里街，下达七里街，一条12里长的金瓯街，为工商新区；南从三门、铁狮山麓起，经覆船山和梨山山麓到木樨林，一条十里长的古城街，以三门为工业，以及手工业、加工业的半工、半商业区；北从都御坪起，延伸到板桥，十里长的德胜街，左延伸到新城，把黄华山三鼎起伏一条龙，再右往天湖山麓发展，共建为林、竹业区。芝城四周进行开拓、扩建，全城面积可达30--50平方公里。突出市郊一龙、双狮、三江、丹凤、白鹤、天湖等山水，呈现一片锦秀山河的自然景观。把宋、明、清三朝“一城三衙门”治所，建设成为“一城三江”、生态平衡、多功能的山水优美的“金瓯城”。


       Guing'ei City government resident "Ji'xeing", one of the ancient city of Huguing Province. Chronicles for the country, county, state, government, agency, county, city legacy. The urban area of 8.8 square kilometers and a population of 100,000. In the Mountains, "San'gongkei" location, weather, geography, and the "conditions of good planning four open up District: East, beginning from the walls of the starting point Ji'xeing Deungsuein Road, extending to the crane foothills the Dongwein Gong'eu Village, 5 kilomiles long Dong'ei Street, and the Phoenix Mountains, bordering the development of farmers District; West, from Nan'wu middle of the road the bus station and peak Huang'hong (Hengfeng) — Hujiu (Fuzhou) railway Guing'ei station, as well as the right side of the Jian River upstream to the lions the foothills to the Ring City Bridge Euli Street, issued Qiligai, a 6 kilomiles Geing'ei Street, New Area for Commerce and Industry; Sourth, from the San'mong, iron lion foothills to the sweet-scented osmanthus forest Hu'wein'suein and Lisuein to Muxilin, a 5 kilomiles long street of the ancient city. for the industry, and handicrafts to San'mong for industry, semi-business district; North since Du Yv Biang, extending to the Ban'giao, a 5 kilomiles Desheng Street, Left extended to the New City, Wangwa Mountain Sanding and downs a Long, then the Right to Tin'wu foothills and build a forest, bamboo industry. Ji'xeing four weeks to explore, the expansion area of the city up to 30 - 50 square kilometers. The outskirts of one of the prominent Long, Xong'xi, San'gong, Danfeng, Crane, Tin'wu Lake landscape, showing one the the Jinxiu Mountains and rivers of the natural landscape. The legacy of the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, "A City, three governments", into "A City, three rivers", beautiful ecological balance, multi-functional landscape of Geing Ei City.


　　建瓯有三千多年的文字记载历史，是一座有着1800多年建县历史的省级历史文化名城。西周时为七闽地，秦属闽中郡，西汉为冶县地，东汉建安初(公元196)年，以建安年号置建安县。迄今已有1800多年，是“福建”最早设置的五县之一，也是全国第一个以皇帝年号命名的县.三国吴永安三年(公元260年)升为建安郡。当时建安郡为建州，州治闽县(今福州)，武德四年(公元621年)迁治今建瓯。唐开元二十一年(公元733年)，取福州、建州(今建瓯)两州名首字，置福建经略使，为福建得名之始。闽永隆五年(公元943年)正月、后晋天福八年，闽王·王审知(之子)——王延政 于建州【今福建省建瓯市】称帝，国号大殷，即【殷国】，改元天德。南宋绍兴三十二年(1162年)始为建宁府治，辖建安、瓯宁等七县，1913年撤府并县，取建安、瓯宁二县首字，置建瓯县。1949年5月13日解放，1992年撤县设置建瓯市。建瓯素有“地灵人杰”之称，历史上曾有进士千余人。现有高、中级职称的知识分子1600多位。1949年5月13日，建瓯解放；以建瓯为基地，攻打福州，1949年8月17日，福州解放。

       The Guing'ei 3,000 years of written history of provincial-level historical and cultural city has a 1800 years to build the county's history.Seven Min Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, the case of the Minzhong County, Western Han rule of County, the Jianan Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 196) to the the Guing'wein emperor's reign set Guing'wein County. So far, 1,800 years, is "one of the five counties of Fujian" first set, is also the country's first emperor reign named counties. Three Kingdoms period, Wu Country yong security for three years (AD 260), was promoted to Guing'wein County. The when Guing'wein County for Guing'jiu, the state government - Min County (now the Hujiu (Fuzhou)), Wude four years (AD 621), migration of the state government to this day Guing'ei. Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan 21 years (AD 733), to take Hujiu (Fuzhou), Guing'jiu (now Guing'ei) the first word of the state name, set the Fujian Jinglve Shi, Fujian, named after the start. Min country five years (AD 943), Wing Lung Lunar, Jin Tianfu eight years, Min Wang Wang trial known (second son) - Wang Yanzheng in the the Guing'jiu [now Guing'ei City, Huguing Province] said the emperor, the country big Yin, another day to Germany in the first year. Nan Song Dynasty, Shaoxing three years (1162), Guing'naing Prefecture-level city legacy built under the jurisdiction of Guing'wein, Ei'naing and other seven counties, in 1913 the abolition of the City merger County, take Guing'wein, the first word of the Ei'naing two counties, snakes set Guing'ei County. May 13, 1949 liberation of the 1992 revocation of the county set Guing'ei City. Guing'ei has always been to "A place propitious for giving birth to great men "of the title, the historically Scholars thousands. Existing high and intermediate grade intellectuals 1,600. Guing'ei Liberation in May 13th, 1949; to Guing'ei as a base, attack Hujiu.  Hujiu liberation in Aug. 17th, 1949


　　建瓯交通便捷:
★陆路
  两条铁路
    峰福铁路(横峰至福州)
    京台高铁(北京至台北，建设中)贯穿全境
  两条省道
    省道204线
    省道303线
  一条国道
    国道205线
  五条高速
    建闽高速(建瓯至福州)
    松建高速(松溪至建瓯)
    瓯古高速(建瓯至古田)
    建长高速(建瓯至长汀，建设中)
    京台高速(北京至台北，建设中)
★水路
    建溪通货船可直达福州马尾港。
★航空
    (因为历史的原因，建瓯本地的“大洲飞机场”已经荒废，改用邻市的机场)
    距机场110公里。

The Guing'ei transportation convenient and efficient:
★ Land transport
  Two railways
        General Rail: Hong-- Hu Railway (Huanghong to Hu)
        High Speed Rail: Beijing to Taipei High Speed Rail (Beijing to Taipei and construction) throughout the whole territory
  The two provincial Highways
        Provincial Highway No. 204 line
        Provincial Highway No. 303 line;
  A State Highway
        State Highway No. 205 line;

  Five highways
        Guing -- Min High Speed (Guing'ei to Hujiu)
        Jueng -- Guing High Speed (Juengkai to Guing'ei)
        Ei -- Ku High Speed (Guing'ei to Kucaing)
        Guing to Dong High Speed (Guing'ei to Dongting, construction)
        Jing -- Tai High Speed (between Beijing and Taipei, construction)

★ Water transport
Guingkai River common carriers, direct access to the Ma'mie Port of Hujiu.

★ Aviation
(For historical reasons, the Guing'ei local "Due'jiu (Dazhou) Airport" has been abandoned, switch to the neighboring county airport)
        110 km from the airport.